1. A shopkeeper earns a profit of 12% on selling a book at 10% discount on the printed price. The ratio of the cost price and the printed price of the book is:
एक दुकानदार मुद्रित मूल्य पर 10% छूट पर एक किताब बेचने पर 12% का लाभ कमाता है। पुस्तक के लागत मूल्य और मुद्रित मूल्य का अनुपात है:
A. 45 : 56
B. 45 : 51
C. 47 : 56
D. 47 : 51
Answer: Option A
Solution: Let the CP be 100
Hence, SP=100+12% of 100
=112
If the marked price be X,
then 90% of X=112
⇒x=
⇒x=Rs.11209
Hence, Required ratio=100:=900:1120=45:56
2. By selling a bicycle for Rs. 2,850, a shopkeeper gains 14%. If the profit is reduced to 8%, then the selling price will be:
एक साइकिल को रुपये में बेचकर। 2,850 पर एक दुकानदार को 14% का लाभ होता है। यदि लाभ घटाकर 8% कर दिया जाए, तो विक्रय मूल्य होगा:
A. Rs. 2600
B. Rs. 2700
C. Rs. 2800
D. Rs. 3000
Answer: Option B
Solution: Let Cost Price was X.
X + 14% of X = 2850
X += 2850
X + 0.14X = 2850
1.14X = 2850
X = 2500.
So, Cost Price = Rs. 2500.
Now, Selling Price When profit remains at 8%,
= 2500 + 8% of 2500
= Rs. 2700.
Short-Cut
CP of bicycle =× 2850 = Rs. 2500
SP for a profit of 8% = × 2500 = Rs. 2700
3. A sells an article to B at a profit of 10% B sells the article back to A at a loss of 10%. In this transaction: A
एक वस्तु B को 10% के लाभ पर बेचता है B वह वस्तु A को 10% की हानि पर वापस बेचता है। इस लेन–देन में:
A. A neither losses nor gains
B. A makes a profit of 11%
C. A makes a profit of 20%
D. B loses 20%
Answer: Option B
Solution: First Method
Let CP was 100 for A originally
A sells article to B at 10% profit,
CP for B = 100 + 10% of 100 = 110
Now, B sells it A again with loss 10%
Now, CP for A this time = 110 – 10% of 110 = 99
A makes Profit = 110 – 99 = 11
% profit for A =
= 11%
Second Method
It could be easily shown by net percentage change graphic.
100(A) == 10%(Profit) ⇒110(B) == 10%(Loss) ⇒ 99(A)
In this transaction A makes a profit of (110 – 99 = 11%) 11%
[10% on selling to B and 1% profit on buying back from B]