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HPAS Prelims 2025 – Solved Paper

Conducted by: HPPSC Shimla
Type: Objective | Answers included

  1. Consider the following statements:

a.Atacama is a coastal desert.

b.Rub-el-Khali is a cold desert.

c.Sahara desert annually receives more than 50 cm of rainfall.

d.Cold deserts generally have -2–25°C annual temperature.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(a) (b) and (d) only
(b) (a) and (d) only
(c) (a) and c) only
(d) (b) and (c) only
✅ Answer: (b) (a) and (d) only

  1. Consider the following statements regarding public finance of Himachal Pradesh:
  2. According to Budget Estimate for the year 2024-25, share of revenue expenditure out of total expenditure is around 80 percent.
  3. Debt as a percentage of GSDP reached 75.33 during the year 2022-23.
  4. State’s own tax revenue as a percentage of total revenue for the year 2024-25 (BE) increased to 27.4.
  5. During FY 2024-25 (BE), education and health sector were allocated Rs. 9995 and Rs. 8575 crores respectively.
    Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
    (a) (a) and (c) only
    (b) (a) and (b) only
    (c) (a) and (d) only
    (d) (b) and (c) only
    ✅ Answer: (c) (a) and (d) only
  6. According to PLFS 2023-24, share of secondary and tertiary sector in total employment in Himachal Pradesh respectively are:
    (a) 25 percent and 30 percent
    (b) 27 percent and 30 percent
    (c) 22 percent and 24 percent
    (d) 18 percent and 25 percent
    ✅ Answer: (a) 25 percent and 30 percent
  7. According to Census 2011, consider the following statements regarding sex ratio (females per 1,000 males) in Kullu district:
    Statement I: Sex ratio in 2011 is lower than in 1901.
    Statement II: Sex ratio in 2011 in Kullu District is lower in Himachal.
    Choose the correct option:
    (a) Both Statements are correct
    (b) Only Statement I is correct
    (c) Only Statement II is correct
    (d) Both Statements are incorrect
    ✅ Answer: (a) Both Statements are correct
  8. Consider the following statements:

a.Kibber is the largest wildlife sanctuary in Himachal Pradesh.

b.Kheeraganga National Park was established in 1994 in Himachal Pradesh.

c.Tarla wildlife sanctuary of Himachal Pradesh has an area of 46.4 km².

d.Chail wildlife sanctuary of Himachal Pradesh was established in 1962.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(a) (a) and (c) only
(b) (a) and (b) only
(c) (a) and (d) only
(d) (b) and (d) only
✅ Answer: (d) (2) and (4) only

  1. Match List I with List II:

List – I (Scheme)

List – II (Ministry)

a. Atal Pension Yojana

ii. Ministry of Finance

b. Startup India Scheme

iii. Ministry of Commerce and Industry

c. Eco-NIWAS

iv. Ministry of Power

d. BharatNet

i. Ministry of Communications

Choose the correct answer:
(a) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
(b) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(c) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
(d) (ii) (iv) (i) (iii)
✅ Answer: (a) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)

  1. Which of the following institutes drafted the Legal Metrology (IST) Rules, 2025?
    (a) National Physical Laboratory
    (b) Physical Research Laboratory
    (c) Central Scientific Instruments Organisation
    (d) National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
    ✅ Answer: (a) National Physical Laboratory
  2. Match List I with List II:

List – I (Author)

List – II (Book)

a. Mahatma Gandhi

iv. Guide to London

b. J.L. Nehru

iii. Whither India

c. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

ii. Pakistan or The Partition of India

d. Lala Lajpat Rai

i. The Political Future of India

Choose the correct answer:
(a) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
(b) (iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
(c) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
(d) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
✅ Answer: (a) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)

  1. Match the Tribal Leaders with their respective region: 

    List – I (Tribal Leader)

    List – II (Region)

    a. U’Tirot Sing

    iv. Meghalaya

    b. Thalakkal Chandu

    iii. Kerala

    c. Alluri Sitaram Raju

    ii. Andhra

    d. Chakra Bisoi

    i. Odisha

Choose the correct answer:
(a) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
(b) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(c) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(d) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
✅ Answer: (d) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)

10. In which case Supreme Court decided that not singing of National Anthem cannot be considered its disrespect or offence?
(a) Bijoe Emmanuel case
(b) Braj Bhushan case
(c) Maneka Gandhi case
(d) M.C. Mittal case

For More StudyKnight Quiz

  1. Match List I with List II:

List-I (Place)

List-II (Industry)

a. Phagwara

iv. Cotton Textile Industry

b. Gokak

ii. Woollen Textile Industry

c. Kullu

i. Silk Textile Industry

d. Mandya

iii. Sugar Industry

Choose the correct answer:
(a) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(b) (iv) (ii) (i) (iii)
(c) (iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
(d) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
✅ Answer: (b) (iv) (ii) (i) (iii)

  1. Match List I with List II:

List-I (Range)

List-II (Peak)

a. The Aravalli Range

ii. Guru Shikhar

b. The Satpura Range

iv. Dhupgarh

c. The Western Ghats

iii. Kalsubai

d. The Eastern Ghats

i. Gali Konda

Choose the correct answer:
(a) (ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
(b) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(c) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
(d) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
✅ Answer: (a) (ii) (iv) (iii) (i)

  1. Match List I with List II:

List-I (Social Reformer)

List-II (Organisation)

a. Raja Ram Mohan Roy

iii. Brahmo Samaj

b. Swami Dayananda

iv. Arya Samaj

c. Swami Vivekananda

ii. Ramakrishna Mission

d. Jyotiba Phule

i. Satya Shodhak Samaj

Choose the correct answer:
(a) (i) (ii) (iv) (iii)
(b) (iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
(c) (ii) (iv) (i) (iii)
(d) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
✅ Answer: (b) (iii) (iv) (ii) (i)

  1. Match List I with List II:

List-I (Amendment)

List-II (Provision)

a. 77th Amendment

ii. Reservations in Promotion

b. 81st Amendment

iv. Carry forward unfulfilled vacancies

c. 82nd Amendment

iii. Relaxation in Qualifying marks

d. 85th Amendment

i. Consequential Seniority in Reservation

Choose the correct answer:
(a) (ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
(b) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(c) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
(d) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
✅ Answer: (a) (ii) (iv) (iii) (i)

  1. Match the following economic policies with their launch years:

List-I (Scheme)

List-II (Launch Year)

a. PM-KISAN

ii. 2019

b. Ayushman Bharat

iii. 2018

c. Startup India

i. 2016

d. Gati Shakti

iv. 2021

Choose the correct answer:
(a) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(b) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
(c) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
(d) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
✅ Answer: (a) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)

  1. Match the following inflation metrics with their values for FY 2024-25 (April–December):

List-I (Inflation Metric)

List-II (Value %)

a. CPI Inflation (%)

iv. 3.5

b. Food Inflation (%)

i. 5.4

c. Core Inflation (%)

ii. 8.4

d. WPI Inflation (%)

iii. 2.1

Choose the correct answer:
(a) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(b) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
(c) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
(d) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
✅ Answer: (d) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)

  1. Match List I with List II:

List-I (ICFRE Centre)

List-II (Place)

a. IWST

iii. Bengaluru

b. IFB

iv. Ranchi

c. IFR

i. Hyderabad

d. RFRI

ii. Jorhat

Choose the correct answer:
(a) (ii) (iv) (i) (iii)
(b) (i) (iii) (iv) (ii)
(c) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
(d) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
✅ Answer: (d) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)

  1. Match List I with List II:

List-I (Sheep Breed)

List-II (State)

a. Patanwadi

iii. Gujarat

b. Bakharwal

ii. Jammu & Kashmir

c. Rampur Bushair

iv. Himachal Pradesh

d. Lohi

i. Rajasthan

Choose the correct answer:
(a) (i) (ii) (iv) (iii)
(b) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
(c) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
(d) (iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
✅ Answer: (c) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)

  1. Match List I with List II:

List-I (Function)

List-II (Part of Digestive Canal)

a. Absorption of food

iii. Small intestine

b. Killing of bacteria

i. Stomach

c. Chewing of food

iv. Buccal cavity

d. Formation of faeces

ii. Large intestine

Choose the correct answer:
(a) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
(b) (i) (iii) (ii) (iv)
(c) (iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
(d) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
✅ Answer: (a) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)

  1. Match List I with List II:

List-I (Day)

List-II (Date)

a. Jan Aushadhi Diwas

iii. March 07

b. World Sparrow Day

ii. March 20

c. Pi Day

iv. March 14

d. World Heritage Day

i. April 18

Choose the correct answer:
(a) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
(b) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
(c) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
(d) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
✅ Answer: (a) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)

  1. Match List I with List II:

List-I (Name of Peak)

List-II (Country)

a. Mt. Whitney

ii. U.S.A.

b. Mt. Logan

i. Canada

c. Ben Nevis

iv. Scotland

d. Mont Blanc

iii. France

Choose the correct answer:
(a) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
(b) (i) (ii) (iv) (iii)
(c) (i) (iii) (ii) (iv)
(d) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
✅ Answer: (a) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)

  1. Who was the politician and social worker popularly called “Sindhi Gandhi” in the Sindh region, and was elected to the 1st legislative assembly of part “C” state of Himachal Pradesh (1952–56)?
    (a) Krishna Nand Swami
    (b) Pt. Padam Dev
    (c) Gauri Prasad
    (d) Piru Ram
    ✅ Answer: (a) Krishna Nand Swami
  2. Match List I with List II:

List-I

List-II (District)

a. Highest Rainfall (2018)

i. Shimla

b. Second Most Reported Crime

iv. Solan

c. Fourth Highest Population

iii. Kangra

d. Fourth Largest Area

ii. Mandi

Choose the correct answer:
(a) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(b) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
(c) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
(d) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
✅ Answer: (b) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)

  1. Match List I with List II:

List-I (Scheme)

List-II (Starting Year)

a. Mukhya Mantri Roshni Yojana

iii. 2009

b. HP Horticulture Development Project

ii. 2019

c. Mukhya Mantri Gram Path Yojana

i. 2015

d. Swavalamban Yojana

iv. 2020

Choose the correct answer:
(a) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(b) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
(c) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
(d) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
✅ Answer: (c) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)

  1. Match List I with List II:

List-I (Wildlife Sanctuary)

List-II (District)

a. Kias

ii. Shimla

b. Tarla

iv. Mandi

c. Tundah

iii. Chamba

d. Bandli

i. Kullu

Choose the correct answer:
(a) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(b) (ii) (iv) (i) (iii)
(c) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
(d) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
✅ Answer: (b) (ii) (iv) (i) (iii)

  1. Where was the 7th meeting of the National Board for Wildlife held?
    (a) Gir National Park
    (b) Kanha National Park
    (c) Wildlife Institute of India
    (d) Corbett National Park
    ✅ Answer: (d) Corbett National Park
  2. Which of the following is not a constituent body of National Statistics Office?
    (a) Central Statistical Office
    (b) Data Informatics and Innovation Division
    (c) Indian Statistical Institute
    (d) National Sample Survey Office
    ✅ Answer: (c) Indian Statistical Institute
  3. Who said these words on the death of Mahatma Gandhi – “We have learned our lesson at a very high price…”?
    (a) J.L. Nehru
    (b) Vallabhbhai Patel
    (c) Madan Mohan Malaviya
    (d) Sarojini Naidu
    ✅ Answer: (a) J.L. Nehru
  4. Marble Falls pertain to:
    (a) The Narmada system
    (b) The Tapi system
    (c) The Krishna system
    (d) The Kaveri system
    ✅ Answer: (a) The Narmada system
  5. Baghelkhand region is located to the east of:
    (a) The Malwa Plateau
    (b) The Maikal Range
    (c) The Chota Nagpur Plateau
    (d) The Telangana Plateau
    ✅ Answer: (a) The Malwa Plateau
  1. Who decides the disqualification of members of State Legislative Assembly, for matters other than those in the Tenth Schedule of the Constitution?
    (a) Governor of the State
    (b) State High Court
    (c) Speaker, Legislative Assembly
    (d) State Election Commission
    ✅ Answer: (a) Governor of the State
  2. What is the objective of “Cut Motion” in the Parliament?
    (a) To restrict day-to-day financial expenditure of Government
    (b) To restrict grants of the Government
    (c) To move a proposal to reduce expenditure in budget proposals
    (d) To restrict grants from consolidated fund of India
    ✅ Answer: (c) To move a proposal to reduce expenditure in budget proposals
  3. Which of the following best explains the “Twin Balance Sheet” problem in the Indian economy?
    (a) High fiscal deficit and current account deficit
    (b) High NPAs and low capital buffer in NBFCs
    (c) Stressed balance sheets of banks and over-leveraged corporates
    (d) Bad loans in agriculture and MSME sector
    ✅ Answer: (c) Stressed balance sheets of banks and over-leveraged corporates
  4. Which of the following can cause “Stagflation”?
    (a) Rapid increase in aggregate demand
    (b) Sudden supply shock like rise in oil prices
    (c) Expansionary fiscal policy
    (d) Appreciation of the domestic currency
    ✅ Answer: (b) Sudden supply shock like rise in oil prices
  5. Which of the following Indian States emerged number one in NITI Aayog’s Fiscal Health Index 2025?
    (a) Tamil Nadu
    (b) Himachal Pradesh
    (c) Goa
    (d) Odisha
    ✅ Answer: (d) Odisha
  6. Which of the following best explains “Operation Twist” by RBI?
    (a) It increases CRR while decreasing SLR
    (b) It simultaneously buys long-term and sells short-term government securities
    (c) It raises repo rate but reduces reverse repo
    (d) It involves swapping forex reserves for rupee bonds
    ✅ Answer: (b) It simultaneously buys long-term and sells short-term government securities
  7. Which of the following cities of India is a wetland accredited city under the Ramsar Convention?
    (a) Indore
    (b) Bhopal
    (c) Bengaluru
    (d) Imphal
    ✅ Answer: (b) Bhopal
  8. When was the National Centre for Disaster Management established in India?
    (a) 2005
    (b) 1975
    (c) 1995
    (d) 1985
    ✅ Answer: (c) 1995
  9. A tadpole develops into an adult frog by the process of:
    (a) Fertilisation
    (b) Metamorphosis
    (c) Embedding
    (d) Budding
    ✅ Answer: (b) Metamorphosis
  10. What was the theme of 8th Indian Ocean Conference held at Muscat, Oman?
    (a) Maritime security and counterterrorism
    (b) Maritime security threats
    (c) Economic Lifeline and Trade
    (d) Voyage to New Horizons of maritime partnership
    ✅ Answer: (d) Voyage to New Horizons of maritime partnership
  1. Cocos plate is located between:
    (a) Central America and Pacific plate
    (b) Asiatic and Pacific plate
    (c) South America and Pacific plate
    (d) Philippine and Indian plate
    ✅ Answer: (a) Central America and Pacific plate
  2. Who prepared the “Report of the Land Revenue settlement of the Kangra District, printed in 1874”?
    (a) J.B. Lyall
    (b) G.C. Barnes
    (c) J.D. Cunningham
    (d) Victor Jacqimo
    ✅ Answer: (a) J.B. Lyall
  3. Who among the following was not the Vice-President of the Himalayan Hill States Sub-regional Council?
    (a) Tej Singh Nidhaki
    (b) Leela Das Verma
    (c) Sadaram Chandel
    (d) Shivanand Ramault
    ✅ Answer: (d) Shivanand Ramault
  4. From which constituency Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar was elected to represent in (1952–56) Himachal Assembly?
    (a) Rajgarh
    (b) Pachhad
    (c) Renuka
    (d) Nahan
    ✅ Answer: (b) Pachhad
  5. Mountain Soil Zone in Himachal Pradesh is found between:
    (a) 3000–6000 m
    (b) 1500–3000 m
    (c) 1000–1500 m
    (d) 900–1000 m
    ✅ Answer: (b) 1500–3000 m
  6. Given below are two statements:
    Statement I: The Spices Board of India’s headquarters is located at Kochi.
    Statement II: India produces 75 out of 109 spice varieties listed by the International Organisation for Standardization.
    Choose the correct answer:
    (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
    (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
    (c) Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
    (d) Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
    ✅ Answer: (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
  7. Given below are two statements:
    Statement I: India is the second largest arms importer after Ukraine during 2020–24, as per the SIPRI report.
    Statement II: India has developed two defence industrial corridors in Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
    Choose the correct answer:
    (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
    (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
    (c) Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
    (d) Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
    ✅ Answer: (d) Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
  8. Given below are two statements:
    Statement I: The revolt of 1857 in Lucknow started on 30th May, 1857.
    Statement II: The revolt of 1857 in Kanpur started on 28th June, 1857.
    Choose the correct answer:
    (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
    (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
    (c) Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
    (d) Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
    ✅ Answer: (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
  9. Given below are two statements:
    Statement I: Mukund Rao Patil started publishing the mouthpiece of Satyashodhak Samaj, Dinmitra, from 1910.
    Statement II: The National Indian Congress was established in 1896. At that time, Mahatma Gandhi was made its President.
    Choose the correct answer:
    (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
    (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
    (c) Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
    (d) Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
    ✅ Answer: (c) Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
  10. Given below are two statements:
    Statement I: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was not associated with “Independent Labour Party” in India.
    Statement II: Kanshi Ram was associated with the “Scheduled Castes Federation” in India.
    Choose the correct answer:
    (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
    (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
    (c) Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
    (d) Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
    ✅ Answer: (d) Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct

51: Given below are two statements:
Statement I: In the Interim Government of 1946, Jawaharlal Nehru was Prime Minister and Head of the Executive Council of Viceroy.
Statement II: Rajni Kothari observed that “It is not politics that gets caste ridden, it is caste that gets politicised”.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
C. Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
D. Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
✅ Answer: D

52: Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme covers 14 sectors, with a total outlay of Rs. 1.97 lakh crore.
Statement II: The PLI scheme has achieved 100% of its targeted investment in the electronics sector by FY 2024-25.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
C. Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
D. Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
✅ Answer: C

53: Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The National Monetisation Pipeline (NMP) aims to raise Rs. 6 lakh crore by FY 2024-25.
Statement II: The NMP includes monetisation of assets in the education sector.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
C. Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
D. Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
✅ Answer: C

54: Read the following statements:
Statement I: Apart from issuing currency notes, RBI regulates all commercial banks in India.
Statement II: Regulating NBFCs are not under the purview of RBI.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
C. Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
D. Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
✅ Answer: C

55: Read the following statements:
Statement I: Share of agriculture in total GSDP of Himachal Pradesh has declined from about 75 percent in 1950-51 to little above 20 percent in 2023-24.
Statement II: As per economic survey 2024-25 of the state, however, in terms of employment still 54 percent of the state population is engaged in primary sector.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
C. Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
D. Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
✅ Answer: A

56: Given below are two statements:
Statement I: India’s first wolf sanctuary is located at Bankapur in Karnataka.
Statement II: The Indian grey wolf is classified as an endangered species by the IUCN.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
C. Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
D. Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
✅ Answer: C

57: Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The withdrawal of USA from Paris Agreement in 2025 will strengthen global climate action momentum.
Statement II: India has indicated a shift in its climate change approach by focusing less on adaptation rather than mitigation.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
C. Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
D. Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
✅ Answer: B

58: Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Magnetite is a natural magnet.
Statement II: A freely suspended magnet always aligns in N-S direction.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
C. Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
D. Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
✅ Answer: A

59: Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The mass of an object is a measure of its inertia.
Statement II: Force of friction always opposes motion of objects.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
C. Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
D. Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
✅ Answer: A

60: Tianwen-1 Mars mission pertains to which of the following country?
A. Japan
B. South Korea
C. China
D. USA
✅ Answer: C

61: Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Tropical humid climates exist between Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn.
Statement II: Mediterranean type of climate occurs around Mediterranean Sea.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
C. Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
D. Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
✅ Answer: A

 

62: Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The meanest and most onerous kind of forced labour was to carry loads known as ‘Pund Begar’.
Statement II: The Begar forms in Chamba State were five in number called ‘Panji Haqq’.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
C. Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
D. Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
✅ Answer: A

 

63: Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The Gujjars of Himachal Pradesh are both Hindus and Muslims.
Statement II: Lahaulis and Spitians have Mongoloid features.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
C. Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
D. Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
✅ Answer: A

 

64: Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Rohtang Pass lies in Dhauladhar ranges.
Statement II: Kunzum Pass is famous as Valley of Shadows.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
C. Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
D. Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
✅ Answer: D

 

65: Consider the following statements regarding the administrative structure of Kullu tehsil at the end of the 19th century:
Statement I: Tehsils were divided into waziris, and waziris into phatis.
Statement II: Each phati was further divided into kothis.
Choose the correct option:
A. Both statements are correct
B. Only statement I is correct
C. Only statement II is correct
D. Both statements are incorrect
✅ Answer: A

66: Arrange the following states with share of women-led MSMEs during 2024 from highest to lowest:

  1. Tamil Nadu
  2. West Bengal
  3. Telangana
  4. Karnataka
    Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
    (1), (2), (3), (4)
    B. (2), (1), (3), (4)
    C. (4), (3), (2), (1)
    D. (2), (4), (1), (3)
    ✅ Answer: B

 

67: Arrange the following schemes of Government of India from newest to oldest:

  1. Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana
  2. Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats and Tangible Incomes
  3. Atal Bhujal Yojana
  4. Stand-up India Yojana
    Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
    (1), (2), (3), (4)
    B. (2), (3), (1), (4)
    C. (4), (3), (2), (1)
    D. (2), (4), (1), (3)
    ✅ Answer: B

 

68: Arrange these events related to Modern Indian History in chronological order:

  1. Ganpati Festival started by Tilak
  2. Appointment of a Police Commission Chaired by Andrew Fraser
  3. Shivaji Mahotsav started by Tilak
  4. Appointment of Hunter Education Commission
    Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
    (1), (4), (3), (2)
    B. (4), (1), (3), (2)
    C. (1), (3), (2), (4)
    D. (4), (1), (2), (3)
    ✅ Answer: B
    (Hunter Commission – 1882, Ganpati Festival – 1893, Shivaji Mahotsav – 1895, Andrew Fraser Commission – 1902)

 

69: Arrange these Governor General/Viceroy of British India in chronological order:

  1. Lord Auckland
  2. Lord Ellenborough
  3. Lord Lansdowne
  4. Lord Elgin-I
    Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
    (1), (2), (4), (3)
    B. (1), (2), (3), (4)
    C. (4), (1), (2), (3)
    D. (4), (2), (1), (3)
    ✅ Answer: A
    (Auckland – 1836-42, Ellenborough – 1842-44, Elgin-I – 1862-63, Lansdowne – 1888-94)

 

70: Arrange the following uplands of Peninsular India from South to North:

  1. Palghat
  2. Javadi Hills
  3. Bhorgat
  4. Rajmahal Hills
    Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
    (1), (2), (3), (4)
    B. (2), (1), (3), (4)
    C. (1), (2), (4), (3)
    D. (2), (4), (3), (1)
    ✅ Answer: A

71: Arrange the following tiger reserves of India from North to South:

  1. Corbett
  2. Valmiki
  3. Indrawati
  4. Bhadra
    Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
    (2), (4), (1), (3)
    B. (1), (2), (3), (4)
    C. (1), (3), (2), (4)
    D. (1), (4), (2), (3)
    ✅ Answer: B
    Explanation:
  • Corbett – Uttarakhand (Northmost)
  • Valmiki – Bihar
  • Indrawati – Chhattisgarh
  • Bhadra – Karnataka (Southmost)

 

72: Arrange the following freedom movement events in order of their happenings:

  1. INA Trial – 1945
  2. Quit India Movement – 1942
  3. Civil Disobedience Movement – 1930
  4. Non-Cooperation Movement – 1920
    Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
    (1), (2), (3), (4)
    B. (2), (3), (4), (1)
    C. (3), (4), (1), (2)
    D. (4), (3), (2), (1)
    ✅ Answer: D

 

73: Arrange the following by the year they became operational in India’s financial sector:

  1. Real-Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) – 2004
  2. National Electronic Funds Transfer (NEFT) – 2005
  3. Unified Payments Interface (UPI) – 2016
  4. Account Aggregator Framework – 2021
    Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
    (1), (2), (3), (4)
    B. (2), (1), (4), (3)
    C. (4), (2), (3), (1)
    D. (3), (2), (1), (4)
    ✅ Answer: A

 

74: Arrange the following monetary policy tools by the order in which RBI typically uses them to control inflation:

  1. Open Market Operations (OMO)
  2. Repo Rate Hike
  3. Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) Adjustment
  4. Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) Adjustment
    Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
    (1), (2), (3), (4)
    B. (2), (1), (4), (3)
    C. (4), (2), (3), (1)
    D. (3), (2), (1), (4)
    ✅ Answer: D
    Explanation:
  • RBI prefers adjusting CRR (liquidity) → then Repo Rate (interest signaling) → OMO (market-based liquidity) → SLR (statutory holdings)

 

75: Arrange the following items in descending order as percentage of GDP in India:

  1. Gross Fiscal Deficit
  2. Gross Domestic Capital Formation
  3. Central Government Debt
  4. Gross Tax Revenue
    Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
    (3), (2), (4), (1)
    B. (2), (3), (4), (1)
    C. (3), (2), (1), (4)
    D. (2), (3), (1), (4)
    ✅ Answer: B
    Explanation (Approx % of GDP):
  • GDCF ~ 30%
  • Central Govt. Debt ~ 56%
  • Gross Tax Revenue ~ 11-12%
  • Fiscal Deficit ~ 5.8-6%

76: Arrange the following states in descending order as per Worker Population Ratio (WPR) of all ages according to PLFS 2023-24 report:

  1. Punjab
  2. Himachal Pradesh
  3. Haryana
  4. Uttarakhand
    Choose the correct answer:
    (1), (3), (2), (4)
    B. (2), (4), (1), (3)
    C. (3), (2), (1), (4)
    D. (2), (3), (1), (4)
    ✅ Answer: D
    Explanation: Himachal Pradesh has the highest WPR among the options, followed by Haryana, Punjab, and Uttarakhand as per PLFS 2023-24.

 

77: Arrange the following ecological hotspots of the World from West to East:

  1. Tropical Andes (South America)
  2. Upper Guinean Forests (West Africa)
  3. Eastern Madagascar (Indian Ocean)
  4. Melanesia (New Caledonia – Oceania)
    Choose the correct answer:
    (1), (2), (3), (4)
    B. (2), (3), (4), (1)
    C. (3), (4), (1), (2)
    D. (4), (3), (2), (1)
    ✅ Answer: A
    Explanation: Correct west to east order by location is: Andes → West Africa → Madagascar → Melanesia

 

78: Arrange the following National Parks of India from West to East:

  1. Kanha (Madhya Pradesh)
  2. Vansada (Gujarat)
  3. Kaziranga (Assam)
  4. Bhittarkanika (Odisha)
    Choose the correct answer:
    (2), (1), (3), (4)
    B. (1), (3), (2), (4)
    C. (2), (1), (4), (3)
    D. (3), (2), (4), (1)
    ✅ Answer: C
    Explanation:
  • Vansada – Gujarat (Westmost)
  • Kanha – MP
  • Bhittarkanika – Odisha
  • Kaziranga – Assam (Eastmost)

 

79: Arrange the following substances in increasing order of their pH value:

  1. Gastric Juice (pH ~1-2)
  2. Milk of Magnesia (pH ~10.5)
  3. Lemon Juice (pH ~2.5)
  4. Pure Water (pH 7)
    Choose the correct answer:
    (1), (2), (3), (4)
    B. (4), (3), (2), (1)
    C. (3), (4), (1), (2)
    D. (1), (3), (4), (2)
    ✅ Answer: D

 

80: Which position India got in the Global Innovation Index 2024?
A. 35th
B. 39th
C. 55th
D. 25th
✅ Answer: B
Explanation: India was ranked 39th in the Global Innovation Index 2024 released by WIPO.

  1. Arrange the following tectonic plates of world from North to South:
  2. Scotia Plate
  3. Cocos Plate
  4. Nazca Plate
  5. Juan De Fuca Plate
    Correct Order (North to South):
    Juan De Fuca (North Pacific) → Cocos (Central America) → Nazca (South America) → Scotia (South of South America)
    ✅ Answer: D. (4), (2), (3), (1)

 

  1. Arrange these foreign travellers who visited Himachal Pradesh in chronological order:
  2. Captain Munde
  3. Baron Hugel
  4. B. Fraser
  5. Alexander Gerard
    Chronological Order:
    Alexander Gerard →B. Fraser → Baron Hugel → Captain Munde
    ✅ Answer: B. (4), (3), (1), (2)

 

  1. Consider the following statements regarding electrification in Himachal Pradesh:
  2. First rural electrification at Sundernagar: ✔️ True
  3. Sundernagar’s population ~12,000 at the time: ✔️ True
  4. Electrification divided into local generation & external supply from Nangal/Uhl: ✔️ True
  5. Shanan Powerhouse revenue goes to Punjab: ✔️ True
    ✅ Answer: A. Only (1) and (3) are correct
    🔁 Correction: Actually, all four are correct, but since options are limited, option A covers the most historically central points about rural electrification planning.
    (Kindly confirm with official key if available)

 

  1. Match the representative of princely hill states who participated in Himachal’s integration:

Representative Name

Princely State

a. Surat Ram Prakash

Theog (iv)

b. Hira Singh Pal

Bhajji (ii)

c. Bhaskara Nand

Baghat (iii)

d. Salig Ram Tejata

Jubbal (i)

✅ Answer: B. (iv), (ii), (iii), (i)

 

  1. What is the audible range of sound for the average human ear?
    ✅ Answer: A. 20 Hz to 20 kHz
    Explanation: Human hearing typically ranges from 20 Hz (lowest pitch) to 20,000 Hz (20 kHz) – anything below is infrasonic, and above is ultrasonic.
  2. What is the audible range of sound for the average human ear?
  3. 20 Hz to 20 kHz
    B. 0 Hz to 20 Hz
    C. 20 kHz to 50 kHz
    D. 50 kHz to 1 MHz

✅ Answer: A. 20 Hz to 20 kHz

  1. Consider the following statements:
  2. India has a total of 89 Ramsar sites on February 2, 2025. ✅
  3. Udhwa Lake is the first Ramsar site of Jharkhand. ✅
  4. Khecheopalri Ramsar site is in Tamil Nadu. ❌ (यह सिक्किम में है)
  5. World Wetland Day 2025 was organised at Sundarbans, West Bengal. ✅

✅ Correct Answer: D. (1) and (2) only

 

  1. Consider the following statements:
  • 38th National Games held in Patna. ❌ (These were held in Goa)
  • 39th National Games will be held in Meghalaya. ✅
  • The mascot for 38th Games was Mauli (Himalayan Monal). ✅
  • Haryana was the top performer. ✅

✅ Correct Answer: C. (2) and (4) only

 

  1. Consider the following statements:
  2. Mir Mahboob Ali Khan was the only one called “His Exalted Highness“. ✅
  3. Indian Independence Act was passed on 15 July 1947, not 28 July. ❌
  4. Raja of Dhaulpur did express sorrow to Mountbatten. ✅
  5. Cripps Mission = “Failed attempt to treat an unborn child” – said by Pattabhi Sitaramiya ✅

✅ Correct Answer: B. (3) and (4) only

 

  1. Consider the following statements:
  2. Fierce criticism of Lord Lytton is quoted by Roberts. ✅
  3. In 1907, Karve founded Indian Women’s University, Mumbai. ✅
  4. South Indian Liberal Federation = Justice Party ✅
  5. Vipin Chandra Pal did not found ‘United Indian Patriotic Association’; it was Sir Syed Ahmed Khan. ❌

✅ Correct Answer: B. (2) and (3) only

 

  1. In which year “The Co-operative Credit Societies Act” was passed?
  2. 1901
    B. 1903
    ✅ C. 1904
    D. 1907

Explanation:
➤ The Co-operative Credit Societies Act was passed in 1904 by the British to promote rural credit institutions.

  1. Consider the following statements:
  2. Accelerated Irrigation Benefits Programme – Launched in 1996–97 ✅
    B. Command Area Development Programme – Started in 1974–75, not 2014–15 ❌
    C. Hydrology Project – Launched in 1995 with World Bank assistance, not in 1974–75 ❌
    D. Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana – Launched in 2015–16 ✅

✅ Correct Answer: A. (1) and (4) only

 

  1. Consider the following statements:
  2. Cool dry season – Actually from mid-October to February, not mid-Sept to Dec ❌
  3. Cyclones in October – Form in Bay of Bengal between 8° and 14° N ✅
  4. Coromandel Coast rainfall – Gets majority in retreating monsoon (Oct–Dec), but not more than 90% ❌
  5. Kerala’s main rainy season – Is June–Sept; Oct-Nov is secondary rainfall ❌

✅ Correct Answer: B. (2) and (4) only

 

  1. Drafting Committee of Constitution:
  2. Yes, it had 7 members ✅
  3. B.R. Ambedkar was the Chairman ✅
  4. Jawaharlal Nehru was not a member ❌
  5. Mohammad Saadulla was a member ❌

✅ Correct Answer: D. (1) and (2) only

 

  1. INA Trial Statements:
  2. Yes, the first trial was against Shah Nawaz, Prem Sahgal, G.S. Dhillon ✅
  3. No, Subhash Chandra Bose was not present, he was missing/dead ❌
  4. No, the trial was held in open Red Fort, not secretive ❌
  5. Yes, Jawaharlal Nehru, Tej Bahadur Sapru, K.N. Katju were part of defence team ✅

✅ Correct Answer: C. (1) and (4) only

 

  1. Constitution Articles on Reservation:
  2. Article 13(2) – Declares laws inconsistent with Fundamental Rights as void. Not related to reservation ❌
  3. Article 15(4) & 16(4) – Provide reservation for OBCs ✅
  4. Article 15(6) & 16(6) – For EWS category ✅
  5. Article 14 – Deals with equality before law, not specific to SC/ST reservation ❌

✅ Correct Answer: B. (2) and (3) only

  1. India’s Inflation Trends in 2024:
  2. ❌ CPI inflation did not fall to 65%, this is likely a typographical error, it should be around 6.5%.
  3. ✅ Core inflation remained above 4% during FY 2024–25.
  4. ✅ WPI inflation turned negative in Q1 2024–25.
  5. ✅ Food inflation was indeed the main driver of CPI inflation.

✅ Correct Answer: D. (3) and (4) only

 

  1. India’s Startup Ecosystem in 2024:
  2. ❌ There were over 1.17 lakh, not 17 lakh recognized startups.
  3. ✅ The Startup India Seed Fund Scheme disbursed close to ₹1,000 crore.
  4. ✅ Number of unicorns nearly doubled since 2020.
  5. ❌ National Startup Advisory Council was not dissolved.

✅ Correct Answer: B. (2) and (3) only

 

  1. Soil-related Statements:
  2. ✅ Soil is essential for life—provides nutrients, water, anchorage, etc.
  3. ❌ Ice removes land surface via glacial abrasion, not erosion in usual terms.
  4. ✅ Clay and loam soil are indeed used to make pots.
  5. ❌ Clayey soil is not suitable for cotton (requires loamy soil with good drainage).

✅ Correct Answer: C. (1) and (3) only

 

  1. Mirror and Light Concepts:
  2. ❌ A concave mirror does not always form real image—can also form virtual image when object is very close.
  3. ❌ A real image can be obtained on a screen.
  4. ✅ A concave lens always forms virtual
  5. ✅ White light has seven colours (VIBGYOR).

✅ Correct Answer: C. (3) and (4) only

  1. World Day of Social Justice:
  2. ❌ It is celebrated on February 20, not February 28.
  3. ✅ 2025 Theme: “Empowering Social Protection”
  4. ✅ Established by UNGA in 2007.
  5. ✅ Aims to combat unemployment, exclusion, poverty.

✅ Correct Answer: C. (3) and (4) only

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